Acute Pancreatitis Symptoms and Treatment Options

Acute pancreatitis is a serious gastrointestinal condition that requires prompt medical attention. This illness can be triggered by excessive eating or drinking, gallbladder diseases such as gallstones or bile duct obstructions, certain medications, or trauma from surgical procedures. Below are the common symptoms and treatment strategies associated with this condition.

Symptoms of Acute Pancreatitis

1. Bowel Obstruction Signs: One of the primary indicators is severe pain in the upper or middle-upper abdomen, often radiating to the back. Accompanying symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, and impaired organ function due to increased pancreatic secretions. As intestinal motility slows down, patients may develop paralytic ileus, characterized by a lack of bowel movements and gas release.

2. High Fever: In severe cases, body temperature may spike to 39-40°C (102.2–104°F), indicating significant inflammation and possible infection.

3. Jaundice: If the pancreatitis is caused by a biliary tract disorder, known as biliary pancreatitis, it may lead to jaundice—evidenced by yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes.

Treatment Approaches for Acute Pancreatitis

When acute pancreatitis occurs, immediate hospitalization is essential. The standard treatment plan typically involves fasting and fluid restriction to reduce pancreatic stimulation. Additionally, somatostatin may be administered to suppress pancreatic secretions, while proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) help protect the stomach lining.

For patients experiencing intense pain, antispasmodic and analgesic drugs are commonly prescribed to manage discomfort. Since oral intake is restricted, intravenous fluids and nutritional support are provided to maintain hydration and electrolyte balance, ensuring the body receives adequate nutrients during recovery.