What Causes Pain in the Lower Left Side of the Abdomen?

Pain in the lower left side of the abdomen can be caused by a variety of medical conditions, some of which may require prompt attention. Understanding potential causes can help individuals seek appropriate care and treatment.

Acute Enteritis is one of the most common reasons for discomfort in this area. It typically occurs due to exposure to cold or consumption of contaminated food, leading to infection in the intestines. This condition often results in inflammation and swelling of the intestinal mucosa, causing pain in the lower left abdomen and an increase in bowel movements.

Another possible cause is Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), such as ulcerative proctitis or ulcerative colitis. When the disease primarily affects the left side of the colon, it may lead to recurring episodes of mucus-filled stools with blood or pus. These symptoms are frequently accompanied by localized pain and bloating in the lower left quadrant of the abdomen.

In more serious cases, Colorectal Cancer — particularly involving the sigmoid colon or rectum — could be a contributing factor. As cancerous tissues grow, they may irritate or damage surrounding nerves and mucous membranes, resulting in persistent pain and changes in stool appearance. Some patients may also experience rectal bleeding or notice blood in their stool.

For women, Gynecological Conditions such as ovarian inflammation or tumors should also be considered. These issues can manifest as lower left abdominal pain and might require specialized diagnostic tests for accurate identification.

If you're experiencing ongoing discomfort in this region, it's important to consult a healthcare professional. Diagnostic tools like Colonoscopy, stool analysis, CT scans, or MRI imaging can provide valuable insights into the underlying cause and guide effective treatment strategies. Early diagnosis is crucial for managing both benign and serious conditions affecting the lower left abdomen.