Can COVID-19 Cause Red Eyes? Understanding the Connection Between Coronavirus and Eye Symptoms

While fever, cough, and fatigue are widely recognized as hallmark symptoms of COVID-19, some individuals may also experience less common signs—such as red eyes. This condition, medically known as conjunctival congestion or conjunctivitis, has been reported in a subset of patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. However, it's important to note that eye-related symptoms are not among the most frequent clinical presentations of the disease.

How Can COVID-19 Lead to Red Eyes?

The novel coronavirus primarily spreads through respiratory droplets, close contact, and airborne aerosols. If a person touches a surface contaminated with the virus and then rubs their eyes, the virus can enter the body through the mucous membranes of the eye. This transmission route may lead to ocular infection, resulting in redness, swelling, irritation, excessive tearing, and a gritty sensation in the eyes. Studies suggest that the ACE2 receptors—which the virus uses to enter human cells—are present in the conjunctiva, making the eyes a potential entry point for infection.

Is Conjunctivitis a Common Symptom of COVID-19?

Although possible, eye symptoms like redness are relatively rare compared to other manifestations of the illness. The most typical early signs of COVID-19 include fever, dry cough, tiredness, and loss of smell or taste. Gastrointestinal issues such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea may also occur. As the infection progresses, more severe respiratory symptoms like shortness of breath and productive cough can develop, particularly in cases that evolve into pneumonia.

According to clinical observations and research data, only a small percentage of confirmed COVID-19 patients report conjunctivitis as an initial or accompanying symptom. In most cases, ocular involvement appears alongside systemic symptoms rather than presenting on its own. Therefore, while red eyes could indicate a possible coronavirus infection, they are far more commonly associated with allergies, bacterial or viral conjunctivitis unrelated to SARS-CoV-2, or environmental irritants.

What Should You Do If You Experience Red Eyes During a Pandemic?

If you notice eye redness along with other symptoms such as fever, cough, or difficulty breathing, it's advisable to self-isolate and seek medical evaluation. Testing for SARS-CoV-2 can help determine whether the symptoms are related to the virus. Practicing good hygiene—like frequent handwashing, avoiding touching your face, and using hand sanitizer—can significantly reduce the risk of ocular transmission.

In summary, while red eyes can be a sign of COVID-19, they are not a defining or widespread symptom. Public health experts emphasize focusing on the core indicators of the disease while remaining aware of atypical presentations. Staying informed, maintaining preventive measures, and consulting healthcare professionals when symptoms arise remain key strategies in managing personal and community health during the ongoing pandemic.