Acute Gastroenteritis Symptoms and Treatment Options

Acute gastroenteritis is a condition that typically develops rapidly and lasts for a relatively short duration. Common symptoms include abdominal pain and diarrhea. The pain may be located in the upper abdomen, near the stomach, around the navel, or in the lower abdomen. Notably, pain around the navel often suggests an issue related to the small intestine, while discomfort in the lower left side of the abdomen may point to a problem with the colon.

In addition to abdominal pain, patients often experience frequent bowel movements and loose stools, which are characteristic signs of diarrhea. Other possible symptoms include nausea, vomiting, fever, and chills—chills usually occur alongside elevated body temperature. Together, these symptoms can significantly impact a person's well-being and daily activities.

There are several causes of acute gastroenteritis, including infections from bacteria, viruses, parasites, or fungi. Food poisoning or adverse reactions to certain foods can also trigger this condition. Among these, infectious agents and foodborne toxins are the most common triggers. When bacterial infection is suspected, antibiotics such as fluoroquinolones (e.g., levofloxacin, norfloxacin, moxifloxacin) may be prescribed depending on the severity and type of infection.

Alongside targeted treatment, managing symptoms is crucial. Patients may benefit from medications that alleviate diarrhea, reduce intestinal cramping, or restore healthy gut flora. In some cases, medications that protect the stomach lining may also be recommended to support recovery. However, it's important to consult a healthcare provider before taking any medication to ensure safe and effective treatment.