Causes Of Reduced Blood Flow To The Back Of The Brain

Reduced blood flow to the back of the brain, also known as posterior circulation ischemia, can be caused by a variety of factors. Understanding these causes is essential for early detection and effective management of the condition.

Compression Or Blockage Of The Posterior Circulation

One of the primary causes of decreased blood supply to the back of the brain is the compression or blockage of the posterior circulation system. This typically involves the vertebral and basilar arteries, which are responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the brainstem, cerebellum, and parts of the cerebral hemispheres. Issues such as cervical misalignment or structural abnormalities can compress these arteries, leading to reduced blood flow and potential neurological symptoms.

Severe Cervical Spine Conditions Or Injuries

Individuals suffering from advanced cervical spine disorders or those who have experienced neck trauma may develop compromised blood flow in the posterior circulation. Conditions like herniated discs, spinal stenosis, or fractures can exert pressure on the arteries that pass through the cervical vertebrae, ultimately restricting blood supply to the rear portions of the brain.

Chronic Health Conditions Affecting Vascular Health

Diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia are major contributors to the development of atherosclerosis—a condition where plaque builds up inside the arteries. When this occurs in the arteries supplying the posterior regions of the brain, it can significantly reduce blood flow and increase the risk of stroke or transient ischemic attacks (TIAs).

Carotid Artery Plaque Formation

Although carotid artery disease is more commonly associated with anterior brain circulation, plaque buildup in these arteries can also affect the posterior circulation indirectly. This occurs when emboli (small clots or debris) break loose and travel to smaller vessels in the back of the brain, causing localized ischemia and related symptoms.