Early Signs and Symptoms of Tick-Borne Encephalitis

After the initial infection, the virus may remain dormant in the body for around one to four weeks. During this incubation period, individuals typically experience no symptoms. As the disease progresses into the prodromal stage, flu-like symptoms begin to appear. These may include fever, headache, dizziness, fatigue, and muscle pain. Due to the similarity of these symptoms to common viral infections, TBE is often misdiagnosed at this stage.

The acute phase of the illness is marked by more severe symptoms. Patients may develop high fever, intense headaches, nausea, vomiting, and signs of meningitis such as neck stiffness. Neurological symptoms may also appear, including confusion, altered consciousness, and even paralysis. As the infection affects the muscles of the neck and shoulders, individuals may experience drooping shoulders and difficulty lifting the head, despite the neck appearing soft and flexible.

Treatment and Recovery Process

With timely medical intervention, mild cases of TBE may begin to improve within a week. However, recovery can vary significantly depending on the severity of the infection and the individual's response to treatment. During the recovery phase, symptoms such as fever, cognitive impairment, behavioral changes, and motor dysfunction gradually subside.

Potential Long-Term Effects

In more severe cases, TBE can result in lasting complications. These may include persistent neurological issues such as memory loss, speech difficulties, swallowing problems, muscle weakness, coordination disorders, and seizures. The extent of recovery depends on the effectiveness of treatment and the patient's overall health condition. Without proper care, long-term disability is a real concern.