Autoimmune Encephalitis Treatment Options

Autoimmune encephalitis occurs when the body's immune system mistakenly attacks brain tissue, leading to inflammation and neurological symptoms. Since the root cause lies in immune system dysfunction, treatment typically focuses on modulating the immune response and reducing inflammation.

Common Therapies for Autoimmune Encephalitis

One of the primary treatments involves the use of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), which is usually administered over a period of 3 to 5 days. IVIG helps regulate the immune system and reduce the abnormal immune response targeting the brain.

Corticosteroid Therapy

In addition to IVIG, high-dose corticosteroids such as methylprednisolone are often used in pulse therapy. This treatment is typically given intravenously for several days, followed by a gradual tapering based on the patient's weight. A low-dose maintenance regimen may be continued for a short period afterward to support recovery and prevent relapse.

Prognosis and Recovery

With timely and appropriate treatment, many patients experience significant improvement in symptoms. Early diagnosis and aggressive immunotherapy play a crucial role in achieving better long-term outcomes. Ongoing monitoring and follow-up care are also essential to manage potential relapses or side effects of prolonged immunosuppressive therapy.