What Causes Headache with a Feeling of Pressure?

Headache accompanied by a sensation of pressure is not a disease but rather a symptom that may indicate various underlying conditions. Identifying the exact cause is essential for effective treatment. One of the most common causes is high blood pressure. A blood pressure reading above 140/90 mmHg is considered hypertension, which can lead to a feeling of fullness or pressure in the head, often affecting both sides or the entire head.

When Blood Pressure is Normal

If blood pressure is within the normal range, further diagnostic tests may be necessary to rule out other serious conditions. A CT scan or MRI of the head can help detect any abnormal growths or lesions inside the skull. These imaging tests are crucial for identifying whether there are structural issues pressing on nerves or increasing intracranial pressure, which can cause a feeling of head pressure.

Vascular Causes of Head Pressure

Another important area to investigate is the condition of the brain's blood vessels. Vascular spasms can increase intracranial pressure and lead to headaches. A non-invasive test like Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound can help detect abnormal blood flow or spasms in the cerebral arteries. For a more detailed examination, a CT angiography (CTA) of the head may be recommended. This test helps identify aneurysms or vascular malformations that could be responsible for the symptoms.

Other Possible Causes

Not all cases of head pressure are related to the brain or blood pressure. Cervical spine issues, such as cervical spondylosis or muscle tension in the neck and upper back, can cause what is known as cervicogenic headache. This type of pain often starts in the neck and radiates to the head, creating a sensation of pressure.

In addition, infections such as meningitis or encephalitis can also cause headaches with a feeling of pressure. These conditions are typically accompanied by other symptoms like fever, stiffness in the neck, confusion, or sensitivity to light, and require immediate medical attention.

Conclusion

In summary, a headache with a feeling of pressure can stem from a variety of causes ranging from hypertension to vascular issues, structural abnormalities, infections, or musculoskeletal problems. It is important to consult a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis through appropriate medical evaluations and imaging tests. Early detection and treatment can prevent complications and improve outcomes.