Signs And Symptoms Of Encephalitis In Children

Encephalitis in children typically presents with a range of neurological and systemic symptoms. Common signs include persistent fever, increasing fatigue, irritability, severe headache, dizziness, and repeated vomiting. These symptoms often develop rapidly and can worsen over time, indicating possible inflammation of the brain tissue.

Unique Symptoms In Infants

In younger infants, especially those with an open anterior fontanelle, symptoms may appear slightly later due to the natural cushioning effect. However, as the condition progresses, a bulging fontanelle becomes a key clinical sign. This swelling is often visible and may feel firm or tense when touched.

Behavioral And Neurological Changes

Children suffering from encephalitis often become increasingly drowsy or lethargic. Unlike a typical viral fever where a child feels better after taking medication, encephalitis affects the brain directly. As a result, symptoms such as intense headache, high fever, vomiting, and altered mental status persist and may worsen without proper treatment.

Importance Of Early Diagnosis

If any of the above symptoms are observed, it is crucial to seek medical attention at a certified healthcare facility. A thorough evaluation by a pediatric neurologist is essential for accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.

Diagnostic Procedures

In cases where symptoms progress or become more severe, a lumbar puncture (spinal tap) is often required. This diagnostic test helps identify the specific type of encephalitis—viral, bacterial, fungal, or tuberculous—each of which requires a different treatment approach. Accurate identification through cerebrospinal fluid analysis is critical for effective management and recovery.