Orthostatic Hypotension: Understanding Dizziness and Blurred Vision Upon Standing

Experiencing dizziness and blurred vision immediately upon standing is often linked to a drop in blood pressure. This condition is medically referred to as orthostatic hypotension. The clinical definition of orthostatic hypotension involves a decrease in blood pressure within three minutes of standing, where the blood pressure drops by more than 20/10 mmHg compared to when the person is lying down or sitting. Alternatively, it can be diagnosed when the blood pressure falls below 90/60 mmHg upon standing.

Symptoms and Risks of Orthostatic Hypotension

Individuals suffering from orthostatic hypotension may experience symptoms like dizziness, vision darkening, and in severe cases, a temporary loss of consciousness. This condition is especially common among older adults, with the risk increasing as people age. In fact, many cases of fainting in elderly individuals are directly attributed to orthostatic hypotension.

Who Is More Likely to Be Affected?

This condition is not exclusive to the elderly. It can also affect women, particularly young and slender ones who naturally have lower baseline blood pressure. When they stand up, their blood pressure can drop even further, leading to symptoms like dizziness and blurred vision.

How to Prevent Episodes

To reduce the likelihood of experiencing these symptoms, it's important to change positions slowly. Start by moving from a lying position to a seated one, wait for about a minute, and then slowly stand up. After standing, wait another minute before beginning to walk. Avoid rushing into movement as soon as you stand, which can increase the risk of falls.

Considerations for Hypertensive Patients

For individuals with high blood pressure who are on medication, it's crucial not to lower their baseline blood pressure too much. If the resting blood pressure is excessively reduced, it can lead to even lower levels when changing positions, increasing the chances of dizziness or fainting episodes.