Migraine Symptoms and Manifestations

Migraines can be categorized into two main types: classical migraines and atypical migraines. Each type presents with distinct symptoms and patterns, which are outlined below for better understanding.

Classical Migraine

Classical migraines are typically preceded by auras, which are sensory disturbances that alert the sufferer of an impending headache. These auras may include visual disturbances such as blind spots, flashing lights, or distorted vision where objects appear larger, smaller, or oddly shaped. After the aura phase, a severe, throbbing headache usually begins, often localized to one side of the head. This pain is often described as pulsating or pressure-like and can range from moderate to intense. Patients frequently experience sensitivity to light (photophobia) and sound (phonophobia), along with nausea and vomiting. Resting in a quiet, dark room is often necessary for relief. The duration of an episode can last for several hours, gradually subsiding over time. Additionally, there may be a genetic component, with a higher likelihood of occurrence if a close family member, such as a mother, has a history of migraines.

Atypical Migraine

Atypical migraines, on the other hand, may not always be preceded by a clear aura. However, they can still involve a one-sided, pulsating headache that is characteristic of vascular pain. Symptoms may last for several hours and can be accompanied by autonomic nervous system reactions, such as nausea and vomiting. In some female patients, hormonal fluctuations can play a significant role in triggering migraines. For instance, headaches may intensify or occur more frequently in the days leading up to menstruation and tend to improve once the menstrual cycle ends. It is advisable for women who experience this pattern to consider preventive treatment strategies before the onset of their period, which can help reduce the frequency and severity of migraine attacks.