How to Eliminate Ascites in Cirrhosis Patients

Ascites, the accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity, is a common complication in patients with liver cirrhosis. To effectively reduce ascites, it is crucial to first identify its underlying cause. While cirrhosis is the most frequent cause, other conditions such as peritoneal inflammation and abdominal tumors can also lead to this condition. A comprehensive treatment approach can significantly improve outcomes.

Adopt a Sodium-Restricted Diet

One of the primary steps in managing ascites is dietary modification. Excess sodium intake leads to fluid retention, which worsens ascites. Therefore, patients are advised to follow a low-sodium diet to help minimize fluid buildup in the abdomen.

Maintain Adequate Protein Levels

Cirrhosis often results in decreased albumin production, as the liver is the main organ responsible for synthesizing this essential protein. Studies suggest that cirrhotic patients may produce less than 4 grams of albumin per day. Supplementing with albumin infusions can be an effective strategy to improve blood protein levels and reduce fluid leakage into the abdominal cavity.

Use Diuretic Medications as Prescribed

Diuretics are commonly prescribed to increase urine output and reduce fluid accumulation. These medications should always be used under medical supervision to prevent complications such as electrolyte imbalance.

Consider Therapeutic Paracentesis or Surgery

In more severe cases, doctors may recommend paracentesis—removal of fluid through a needle inserted into the abdomen. For long-term management, procedures like transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) or peritoneovenous shunting may be considered.

Follow a Balanced Nutritional Plan

A well-rounded diet plays a vital role in managing cirrhosis and ascites. Experts recommend a "three highs and one low" diet: high in protein, high in vitamins, high in calories, and low in fat. This nutritional strategy supports liver function and helps reduce fluid retention.

By combining medical treatments with lifestyle adjustments, patients can better manage ascites and improve their quality of life. Always consult with a healthcare provider to determine the best course of action based on individual health needs.