Neurasthenia Vs. Mental Illness: Understanding The Difference

Neurasthenia is often misunderstood, but it is not classified as a mental illness. Instead, it falls under the category of a neurosis—a functional disorder of the nervous system. It typically arises from prolonged exposure to high-stress environments, which can cause the nervous system to become overly sensitive, leading to symptoms like mental fatigue and irritability. Psychological factors play a central role in its development.

What Causes Neurasthenia?

One of the primary causes of neurasthenia is long-term mental stress or unresolved emotional conflicts. People who experience chronic tension, whether due to work pressure, personal issues, or lifestyle imbalances, are more likely to develop this condition. The constant strain on the nervous system disrupts normal functioning, making it difficult for the body and mind to relax.

Common Symptoms Of Neurasthenia

Physical and Cognitive Signs

Those suffering from neurasthenia often experience persistent fatigue, even after adequate rest. Concentration becomes a challenge, and many report a decline in productivity and focus. Sleep disturbances are also common, with individuals struggling to fall asleep or stay asleep throughout the night.

Heightened Sensitivity

In addition to cognitive and sleep-related issues, patients may develop heightened sensitivity to external stimuli. This includes increased reactivity to light, sound, and even minor physical discomforts. These sensations can amplify feelings of unease and further disrupt daily life.

Diagnosis and Treatment Options

Before beginning treatment, doctors typically rule out organic diseases—those caused by physical abnormalities—through standard medical tests. Once neurasthenia is identified, a combination of therapeutic approaches is often recommended.

Therapeutic Approaches

Psychotherapy plays a vital role in managing neurasthenia. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), in particular, helps individuals identify and change negative thought patterns that contribute to stress. Behavioral therapy can also teach relaxation techniques and improve coping strategies.

Medication Support

In some cases, medications such as anti-anxiety drugs or antidepressants may be prescribed to alleviate symptoms. These medications can help reduce nervous tension, promote relaxation, and improve sleep quality, ultimately restoring a sense of well-being.

Conclusion

While neurasthenia can significantly impact daily life, understanding it as a neurosis rather than a mental illness can help reduce stigma and encourage effective treatment. With the right combination of therapy and medical support, individuals can recover and regain control over their mental and physical health.