Epilepsy Treatment Options You Should Know

Epilepsy can develop due to various reasons, and the common causes differ between adults and children. In adults, epileptic seizures are often linked to cerebrovascular accidents such as strokes or traumatic brain injuries. On the other hand, childhood epilepsy can be caused by six major categories: genetic factors, structural brain abnormalities, metabolic disorders, immune-related issues, infections, or unknown causes. Since the treatment approach may vary depending on the underlying cause, accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective management.

Targeted Treatments Based on Causes

For example, pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy is a rare condition caused by vitamin B6 deficiency. This type of epilepsy can be completely resolved with vitamin B6 supplementation. Identifying such specific causes allows for targeted and highly effective treatment strategies, emphasizing the importance of thorough medical evaluation.

Effective Management for Newly Diagnosed Cases

For children newly diagnosed with epilepsy, approximately 80% of cases can achieve seizure control through appropriate and consistent anti-seizure medication. This highlights the importance of seeking timely medical attention at a reputable healthcare facility. Early diagnosis and treatment significantly improve outcomes, helping children lead more stable and active lives.

What Parents Should Do During a Seizure

When a child experiences a seizure, parents should remain calm and composed. If it's the first episode, prompt medical evaluation is essential to determine whether the seizure is caused by epilepsy, encephalitis, or a cardiovascular issue. For children already diagnosed with epilepsy, ensuring their safety during an episode is critical. Help the child lie on their side in a secure environment to maintain an open airway and reduce the risk of choking. Never attempt to insert fingers or objects into the child's mouth.

Monitoring the duration of the seizure is also important. If the seizure lasts longer than five minutes, it is classified as status epilepticus, which requires immediate emergency medical care. Additionally, note potential triggers such as fever, loud noises, flashing lights, or other environmental factors. Observing the initial moments of the seizure can also provide valuable information, as some children may experience warning signs like nausea or vomiting before losing consciousness.

Post-Seizure Care and Safety Measures

After a seizure, some children may feel disoriented or confused. During this time, close supervision is necessary to prevent accidents, especially during routine activities like bathing or walking outdoors. Parents should always accompany children during high-risk activities such as swimming or cycling to ensure their safety and provide peace of mind.