Lacunar Infarction Adjacent to Bilateral Lateral Ventricles: Effective Treatment Strategies

Lacunar infarction adjacent to the bilateral lateral ventricles is a specific type of small vessel disease in the brain. The treatment approach is generally similar to that of typical lacunar infarction. During the acute phase, early intervention is crucial. Physicians often prescribe antiplatelet agents to prevent further clot formation, along with medications that improve cerebral circulation and reduce oxidative stress, offering neuroprotective benefits.

Acute Phase Treatment

In the early stages of the condition, the primary goal is to minimize brain damage and support neurological function. Patients may receive medications that promote blood flow and protect brain cells. These include vasodilators, antioxidants, and agents that help stabilize the blood-brain barrier. Intravenous therapies may also be considered depending on the severity and clinical presentation.

Post-Acute Management and Secondary Prevention

Once the acute phase has passed, the focus shifts to secondary prevention to reduce the risk of recurrent stroke. If the patient has a healthy gastrointestinal system, oral aspirin may be recommended as a long-term antiplatelet therapy. Blood pressure control plays a vital role, especially for patients with hypertension. Maintaining systolic pressure below 140 mmHg and diastolic below 90 mmHg using long-acting antihypertensive medications can significantly reduce stroke risk.

Blood Sugar Management and Lifestyle Adjustments

For patients with diabetes or hyperglycemia, maintaining fasting blood glucose levels around 7–8 mmol/L and postprandial levels below 12 mmol/L is advised. A comprehensive lifestyle plan including a low-salt, low-fat diet, regular physical activity, and weight management can support overall vascular health. Routine monitoring of lipid levels, glucose, homocysteine, and vascular status through ultrasound imaging is also recommended.

Addressing Atherosclerosis and Plaque Formation

In cases where atherosclerosis or arterial plaque is present, statin medications are often prescribed to stabilize the endothelium and reduce plaque progression. These lipid-lowering drugs not only improve cholesterol levels but also offer anti-inflammatory effects that benefit the vascular system. Close monitoring and follow-up with a neurologist or cardiologist are essential components of long-term care.