How Long Can a Patient with Large-Scale Brain Infarction Survive?

Large-scale brain infarction is a severe form of ischemic stroke, associated with high mortality and disability rates. According to statistical data, about 70% of patients diagnosed with this condition survive only about a week, especially among elderly individuals with pre-existing medical conditions. Only a small percentage—less than 30%—may extend their survival through early and aggressive treatments such as dehydration therapy to reduce intracranial pressure or decompressive craniectomy. The average life expectancy for these patients is approximately three years.

Long-Term Outcomes and Complications

Even with treatment, most survivors face significant neurological impairments. These may include long-term immobility, cognitive deficits, and loss of motor function. As a result, many patients remain bedridden and eventually succumb to complications such as pneumonia, malnutrition, urinary tract infections, pressure ulcers, or deep vein thrombosis. These secondary conditions often play a critical role in determining the overall prognosis.

Causes and Early Recognition

Large-scale brain infarction is commonly caused by cardioembolic events leading to major vessel occlusion. These events can result in profound and prolonged neurological deficits, including coma, hemiplegia, gaze deviation, and even seizures. Early detection and management of underlying cardiac conditions are crucial in reducing the risk of such strokes and improving long-term outcomes. Prompt medical intervention can significantly enhance the chances of survival and quality of life for affected individuals.