Large Brain Infarction Survival Rate

Large brain infarction is one of the most severe forms of stroke, with a survival rate of only about 20%. This condition occurs when the area of infarction exceeds one-third of the territory supplied by the middle cerebral artery. It often leads to significant neurological deficits, including impaired consciousness, complete gaze palsy, aphasia, hemiplegia, seizures, and cognitive dysfunction. In severe cases, cerebral edema and herniation may develop, which can suppress respiratory function and ultimately result in death.

Complications That Impact Survival

One of the critical complications associated with large brain infarction is symptomatic hemorrhagic transformation. This occurs when the damaged brain tissue begins to bleed, further increasing intracranial pressure and worsening the patient's condition. Hemorrhagic transformation is a major contributor to mortality in these cases and requires prompt medical intervention to manage.

Treatment Options and Emergency Care

To improve the chances of survival, patients with large brain infarction must receive immediate treatment. This often includes aggressive measures such as dehydration therapy to reduce intracranial pressure or decompressive craniectomy, a surgical procedure where part of the skull is removed to allow the swollen brain to expand without being compressed. These interventions are crucial for preventing further brain damage and saving the patient's life.

Long-Term Outlook and Recovery

Despite advances in medical care and surgical techniques, patients who survive large brain infarction still face a high risk of death and long-term disability. The overall prognosis remains poor, with many survivors experiencing severe physical and cognitive impairments that require extensive rehabilitation. Ongoing support and multidisciplinary care are essential for improving quality of life and functional outcomes in these individuals.