Treatment Options and Recovery Strategies for Cerebral Infarction

Cerebral infarction, commonly known as ischemic stroke, requires immediate medical attention during the early or ultra-acute phase, particularly within the first six hours of symptom onset. Prompt diagnosis and intervention are crucial. One of the most effective treatments during this stage is thrombolytic therapy using alteplase, which helps dissolve blood clots and restore blood flow to the affected area of the brain. In some cases, mechanical thrombectomy may follow to further remove the clot and improve outcomes.

Medications for Post-Thrombolysis Care

Following thrombolytic treatment, several medications can support recovery and protect brain tissue. For example, butylphthalide and urinastatin can enhance microcirculation and provide neuroprotective benefits. Additionally, edaravone is often used to neutralize free radicals, reducing oxidative stress and protecting neurons from further damage caused by the stroke.

Targeted Treatments Based on Underlying Causes

1. Atherosclerosis: Antiplatelet agents such as aspirin and clopidogrel are commonly prescribed to reduce the risk of future clot formation and manage symptoms related to arterial plaque buildup.

2. Cardiogenic Stroke: If the stroke is caused by a heart-related condition, anticoagulants like warfarin, dabigatran, or rivaroxaban may be used to prevent new clots from forming and reduce the risk of recurrent stroke.

3. Vascular Hardening: In cases involving plaque instability or arterial stiffness, statins such as atorvastatin or rosuvastatin are often prescribed to stabilize and soften plaques, improve blood flow, and reduce the progression of vascular disease.

Lifestyle Modifications and Rehabilitation

Managing risk factors is essential for both recovery and prevention of future events. Patients are strongly advised to control blood pressure, blood sugar, and cholesterol levels through medication and lifestyle changes. Quitting smoking and alcohol consumption also play a vital role in reducing stroke recurrence and improving overall brain health.

Rehabilitation is another cornerstone of post-stroke care. A comprehensive rehabilitation program that includes physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy can significantly improve functional outcomes. With consistent effort and professional support, many patients experience meaningful recovery within six months, as the brain adapts by forming new neural pathways to compensate for damaged areas.