Nursing Care Strategies for Patients with Cirrhosis and Ascites

Proper nutrition plays a critical role in managing cirrhosis patients with ascites. These individuals often suffer from severe hypoalbuminemia, which contributes to fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity. To address this, a high-protein diet is strongly recommended. Easily digestible sources of high-quality protein such as lean meats, fish, eggs, and dairy products should be included in the daily meals. Sufficient protein intake provides the liver with essential building blocks to synthesize albumin, helping to stabilize blood protein levels and promote the reduction of ascites.

Dietary texture must also be carefully considered due to the risk of esophageal varices. Patients with liver cirrhosis frequently develop varices in the esophagus and gastric fundus, making them highly susceptible to gastrointestinal bleeding. Therefore, it's important that food is soft and easy to swallow. Hard or coarse foods should be avoided to prevent mechanical injury to the delicate blood vessels in the digestive tract.

Mobility support is crucial for patients with significant fluid retention. Individuals experiencing large-volume ascites may require assistance with basic movements, especially during hospitalization. Having a caregiver nearby helps with daily activities such as using the restroom and moving between bed and chair. Extra caution should be taken when walking to avoid falls and secondary injuries. Due to the physical discomfort and imbalance caused by abdominal swelling, patients are at higher risk of accidental slips or trips.

A comprehensive care plan enhances recovery and prevents complications. Combining medical treatment with thoughtful nursing strategies can significantly improve patient outcomes. Family members and caregivers should work closely with healthcare professionals to implement these lifestyle adjustments effectively.