Trigeminal Neuralgia: What Happens If Left Untreated

Before discussing the consequences of leaving trigeminal neuralgia untreated, it's essential to confirm the correct diagnosis. True trigeminal neuralgia is an extremely painful condition, often referred to as the "suicide disease" due to the intensity of the pain. Most patients who suffer from it will eventually seek treatment because the pain becomes unbearable over time.

Understanding the Impact of Untreated Trigeminal Neuralgia

Quality of life significantly decreases when trigeminal neuralgia is left untreated. The pain can occur unpredictably and is often triggered by everyday activities like eating, talking, or even a light breeze on the face. These episodes of sharp, electric-like pain can last for seconds or minutes and may occur in clusters, making daily life extremely challenging.

Medication as a Temporary Solution

While there are medications such as carbamazepine or oxcarbazepine that can provide temporary relief, they are not a long-term solution. These drugs often come with significant side effects, including drowsiness, dizziness, and cognitive impairment. Over time, their effectiveness may diminish, leading patients to seek more definitive treatment options.

Long-Term Outlook Without Treatment

Although trigeminal neuralgia is not life-threatening and does not damage internal organs or shorten lifespan, the chronic nature of the pain can lead to emotional and psychological distress. Anxiety, depression, and social isolation are common among those who suffer from untreated neuralgia due to the constant discomfort and fear of sudden pain attacks.

The Role of Surgery in Effective Management

For long-term relief, most patients eventually opt for surgical intervention. Procedures such as microvascular decompression or radiosurgery offer more lasting results and can significantly improve a patient's quality of life. While the condition itself isn't dangerous, the persistent pain makes treatment a necessity for most sufferers.