Liver Cirrhosis Imaging: What Does It Mean

Liver cirrhosis imaging refers to the radiological appearance of cirrhotic livers as seen on ultrasound and CT scans. In the early stages, the liver often appears enlarged, while in later stages it tends to shrink and develop an irregular shape. This progression is a key indicator in diagnosing liver damage.

One of the most notable features observed in liver cirrhosis is the imbalance in liver lobe proportions. The right lobe typically shows signs of atrophy, while the left and caudate lobes may enlarge as part of a compensatory mechanism. Additionally, the liver capsule becomes uneven and less smooth, with the liver tissue itself displaying increased echogenicity that appears coarse and nodular during ultrasound examinations.

CT imaging also reveals this nodular texture, along with widened liver fissures caused by liver atrophy. Enhanced CT scans are particularly useful for identifying complications such as portal vein dilation and spleen enlargement. These findings can suggest significant portal hypertension, which increases the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding.

In more advanced cases, gastroesophageal varices become visible on enhanced CT scans, indicating severe portal hypertension. Color Doppler ultrasound can further detect splenomegaly, with visible tortuosity and thickening of the splenic vein, which is a branch of the portal venous system. Some patients may also develop ascites, which appears as fluid collections around the liver and within the abdominal cavity.