Brain Thrombosis from a TCM Perspective: Understanding Syndrome Differentiation

Brain thrombosis falls under the category of "apoplexy" or "stroke" in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). It is primarily characterized by sudden collapse, facial or oral deviation, hemiplegia or weakness on one side of the body, sudden dizziness, and speech impairment. These symptoms often appear abruptly and require immediate medical attention.

Classification Based on Syndrome Differentiation

In TCM, brain thrombosis is classified into two major types based on the severity and depth of the condition: "Zhong Zang Fu" (visceral involvement) and "Zhong Jing Luo" (involvement of meridians and collaterals). Each classification reflects different pathological mechanisms and symptom presentations.

Zhong Zang Fu Syndrome (Visceral Involvement)

This type indicates a more severe condition with deeper internal disharmony. It is further divided into three subtypes:

• Phlegm-Heat Obstructing the Orifices: Characterized by high fever, coma, thick phlegm, and a red tongue with a yellow coating.
• Phlegm-Dampness Obstructing the Orifices: Marked by confusion, heavy-headedness, and a pale tongue with a white, greasy coating.
• Essence Qi Collapse: Features include cold limbs, weak breathing, and a pale, swollen tongue, indicating extreme depletion of vital energy.

Zhong Jing Luo Syndrome (Meridian Involvement)

This type typically presents with milder symptoms and is often associated with dysfunction in the meridians and collaterals. There are five recognized subtypes:

• Wind-Phlegm Blocking the Meridians: Symptoms include numbness, tingling, and sudden weakness in the limbs.
• Wind-Fire Disturbing Upward: Patients may experience headache, dizziness, irritability, and a red face.
• Qi Deficiency and Blood Stasis: Characterized by weakness, fatigue, and sluggish circulation leading to impaired movement.
• Yin Deficiency Generating Wind: Presents with dizziness, tinnitus, and tremors due to internal wind from yin deficiency.
• Deficiency of Liver and Kidney: Includes symptoms like lower back pain, weakness in the knees, and general instability.

Understanding these TCM syndrome patterns helps practitioners tailor treatment strategies, such as clearing phlegm, calming wind, nourishing yin, or boosting qi, depending on the individual patient's condition. This holistic approach supports both immediate recovery and long-term prevention of recurrence.