Can Leeches Be Used to Treat Blood Clots Based on Scientific Evidence?

There is some scientific basis for the use of leeches in treating blood clots. Leeches have long been used in traditional Chinese medicine and are known for their strong blood-activating and circulation-improving properties. In fact, among all blood-moving herbs, leeches are considered one of the most potent. This therapeutic potential is largely attributed to a key compound they contain called hirudin.

The Role of Hirudin in Blood Clot Treatment

Hirudin is a powerful anticoagulant that strongly inhibits the activity of thrombin, a key enzyme involved in blood clot formation. Research has shown that hirudin has the strongest known inhibitory effect on thrombin, making leeches a potentially valuable tool in treating thrombotic diseases such as cerebral thrombosis, cardiovascular disorders, and peripheral vascular occlusions. However, the use of leeches or leech-derived products should always be conducted under the supervision of a qualified physician to prevent complications such as excessive bleeding or adverse reactions.

Traditional Chinese Medicine Perspective on Cardiovascular Diseases

From the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), many cardiovascular and cerebrovascular conditions—such as stroke, angina, myocardial infarction, and lower limb vascular occlusion—are classified as blood stasis syndromes. These conditions are typically treated using therapies that promote blood circulation and resolve stagnation. Techniques such as warming the meridians and improving circulation are commonly employed to restore balance and enhance vascular health.

Modern Considerations and Safety

While leech therapy may offer benefits, especially in specific clinical settings like microsurgery or post-operative recovery, it is important to approach its use with caution. Patients should consult with healthcare professionals before undergoing any treatment involving leeches or their derivatives. Due to the potent anticoagulant effects of hirudin, improper use can lead to serious side effects, including hemorrhagic complications.