Managing High Blood Sugar in Early Pregnancy

During the first trimester of pregnancy, typically the first 12 weeks, some women may notice elevated blood sugar levels. This could indicate previously undiagnosed diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance before pregnancy. If high blood sugar is detected during prenatal checkups—such as fasting glucose levels exceeding 7.0 mmol/L or even reaching above 6.1 mmol/L—medical professionals often recommend managing the condition through structured dietary changes and moderate physical activity.

When to Consider Insulin Therapy

If after a month of strict diet control and regular exercise, blood sugar levels remain high—particularly if fasting levels are still above 7.0 mmol/L or post-meal levels surpass 11.1 mmol/L—insulin therapy may be necessary. Insulin is currently the only approved medication for managing blood sugar during pregnancy and is considered safe for both mother and baby.

Understanding the Risks of Ketones in Urine

In some cases, even if blood sugar levels appear manageable and dietary restrictions are being followed closely, a pregnant woman might test positive for ketones in her urine. The presence of ketones can be harmful to fetal development and may signal that the body is not getting enough energy from food. In such situations, doctors may recommend low-dose insulin therapy to stabilize the mother's metabolism and protect the baby's health.

Addressing Concerns About Insulin Use

Some expectant mothers may feel anxious or resistant to the idea of insulin injections. However, it's important to understand that insulin is the most reliable and safest option for controlling blood sugar during pregnancy. It does not cross the placenta, meaning it won't directly affect the baby, and it helps maintain optimal glucose levels for a healthy pregnancy outcome.