Sinus Bradycardia Explained: Understanding Slow Heart Rate

Sinus bradycardia refers to a heart rate slower than 60 beats per minute. This condition is quite common among healthy individuals, especially athletes, who often have stronger heartbeats. Because each heartbeat delivers more blood, their bodies can function efficiently with fewer heartbeats.

Types of Sinus Bradycardia

There are two primary categories of sinus bradycardia: physiological and pathological. Physiological bradycardia is typically seen in physically active individuals and is considered normal. On the other hand, pathological bradycardia occurs when the sinoatrial (SA) node, the heart's natural pacemaker, doesn't function properly. This type is more commonly observed in older adults who may experience SA node dysfunction.

When Is Sinus Bradycardia a Concern?

If the slow heart rate doesn't interfere with blood flow to the brain or cause symptoms, it may not require treatment. In such cases, doctors usually recommend monitoring the condition. However, it's essential to conduct a 24-hour Holter monitor test to assess the slowest heart rate during sleep and throughout the day.

Symptoms That Require Medical Attention

In more severe cases, if a person experiences sinus pauses—when the heart stops beating for three seconds or more—medical evaluation is necessary. Particularly if symptoms such as dizziness, fainting, or vision changes occur, it could indicate the need for further intervention. In some situations, a pacemaker may be required to regulate the heart rate and prevent complications.