Minimally Invasive Treatment Options for Pericardial Effusion

Minimally invasive treatment for pericardial effusion is typically performed under color ultrasound guidance. The procedure usually involves imaging through the cardiac apex or subxiphoid area. If the effusion measures more than 10–15mm in front of the right ventricular wall, minimally invasive intervention becomes feasible. This technique generally involves placing a small central venous catheter to drain the accumulated fluid, and ultrasound-guided drainage is considered very safe and effective.

Benefits of Minimally Invasive Drainage

One of the main advantages of this approach is rapid relief of cardiac compression and tamponade symptoms caused by excessive fluid buildup. By removing the fluid quickly, the heart can resume normal function with minimal interference. This method also allows for immediate symptom relief and reduces the risk of complications associated with prolonged pressure on the heart.

Use of Chemotherapy in Conjunction with Drainage

In addition to fluid drainage, local chemotherapy may be administered directly into the pericardial space to prevent further accumulation. Patients with lung cancer-related effusions often receive platinum-based drugs. Other commonly used agents include mitomycin and paclitaxel, which help control malignant effusion by inhibiting cancer cell growth and reducing fluid production.

Why Minimally Invasive Treatment is Preferred

Compared to traditional surgical approaches, minimally invasive techniques offer shorter recovery times, fewer complications, and improved patient comfort. The procedure can often be performed on an outpatient basis or with a short hospital stay, making it an ideal option for patients with limited treatment tolerance or advanced-stage disease.