How To Effectively Treat Pericardial Effusion

Pericardial effusion can be primarily managed through medication or surgical intervention, depending on the severity. In cases of small or residual fluid accumulation, anti-inflammatory therapy is typically sufficient. However, if acute cardiac tamponade occurs, immediate hospitalization and pericardiocentesis are necessary to relieve pressure and stabilize the patient.

Monitoring And Supportive Care

Patients with pericardial effusion should be closely monitored for changes in vital signs, including facial appearance, respiration, heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation. It is also important to maintain a nutritious diet rich in high-protein and high-calorie foods that are easy to digest. For individuals experiencing edema, it is recommended to limit sodium intake and avoid gas-producing foods such as milk. Additionally, spicy and fatty foods should be strictly avoided. In some cases, intravenous nutrition with amino acids and fat emulsions may be required to support overall health.

Treating The Underlying Cause

Addressing the root cause of pericardial effusion is essential for long-term management. For example, if the effusion is caused by hypothyroidism, treating the thyroid dysfunction can help reduce fluid buildup. In more severe cases, procedures such as pericardiocentesis or pericardial drainage may be performed. These interventions, often guided by ultrasound, help alleviate symptoms of cardiac compression and improve patient outcomes.