The Causes of Stomach Ulcers Explained

Stomach ulcers, also known as gastric ulcers, are primarily caused by an imbalance between digestive fluids in the stomach. One of the most common reasons is excessive gastric acid secretion combined with chronic gastritis. Regular consumption of substances that irritate the stomach lining—such as spicy foods, alcohol, or certain medications like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)—can significantly contribute to the development of ulcers.

Another major cause is infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a type of bacteria that can damage the protective lining of the stomach. Once this bacterium infects the stomach, it leads to inflammation of the gastric mucosa, weakening its protective barrier and making it more vulnerable to ulcer formation.

If left untreated, H. pylori infection can lead to complications such as bleeding, perforation, or even an increased risk of stomach cancer. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment are crucial.

Treatment typically involves a combination of antibiotics and acid-suppressing medications. Commonly prescribed drugs include Omeprazole to reduce acid production, Clarithromycin and Amoxicillin to eliminate H. pylori, and Bismuth Subsalicylate to protect the stomach lining. These treatments should always be taken under the supervision of a qualified healthcare provider to ensure effectiveness and minimize side effects.

In summary, while several factors can lead to stomach ulcers, the two most prominent causes are prolonged irritation of the stomach lining and H. pylori infection. Recognizing the symptoms early and seeking appropriate medical care can greatly improve outcomes.