Erosive Antral Gastritis vs. Peptic Ulcer: Understanding the Key Differences

Erosive antral gastritis primarily affects the mucosal lining of the stomach's antrum and is characterized by mucosal erosion, often accompanied by bleeding. It is a common cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Common symptoms include acid reflux, heartburn, nausea, bloating, black tarry stools, and even vomiting blood. During a gastroscopy, multiple areas of erosion, redness, or bleeding in the gastric antrum may be observed.

On the other hand, peptic ulcer disease is marked by recurring, rhythmic pain in the upper abdomen, typically occurring after meals. This condition involves the formation of sores or ulcers in the lining of the stomach or the first part of the small intestine. During an active phase, endoscopic examination reveals inflammation and swelling around the ulcer site. A barium meal X-ray may show a characteristic Niche shadow, which strongly suggests the presence of a gastric ulcer

While both conditions can lead to similar symptoms such as abdominal discomfort and bleeding, they differ significantly in terms of their underlying pathology, diagnostic findings, and treatment approaches. Proper diagnosis through medical imaging and endoscopic evaluation is essential for effective management.