Common Medications for Treating Stomach Ulcers

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the most commonly prescribed medications for treating stomach ulcers. Examples include Omeprazole, Rabeprazole, Pantoprazole, Lansoprazole, and Esomeprazole. These drugs work by significantly reducing the amount of acid produced in the stomach, allowing the ulcer to heal effectively.

Another category of medication is H2 receptor antagonists, such as Famotidine, Ranitidine, and Cimetidine. These medicines also lower stomach acid production but are generally less potent than PPIs. They are often used for short-term relief and management of ulcer symptoms.

In addition to acid-reducing therapies, antacids like aluminum hydroxide and hydrotalcite combinations may be used to neutralize existing stomach acid and provide quick symptom relief. These are often found in over-the-counter formulations and can be taken as needed.

For enhanced protection of the stomach lining, mucosal protectants such as Sucralfate and Bismuth subsalicylate (e.g., Pepto-Bismol) are frequently recommended. These agents form a protective barrier over the ulcer, shielding it from further damage by stomach acid and promoting healing.

It's important to note that many stomach ulcers are caused by an infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). In these cases, a combination of antibiotics—such as Clarithromycin, Amoxicillin, and Metronidazole—is typically prescribed alongside acid-reducing medications to eliminate the bacteria and prevent recurrence of the ulcer.