Gastric Erosion vs. Gastric Ulcer: Which Is More Serious?

When comparing gastric erosion and gastric ulcer, the latter is generally considered more severe. The key difference lies in the depth of the mucosal damage. Erosion affects only the superficial layers of the stomach lining and does not extend beyond the mucosal muscle layer. In contrast, an ulcer penetrates deeper, going through the mucosa and often reaching the submucosal layer, which can lead to more serious complications.

If left untreated, gastric erosion can progress into a gastric ulcer over time. This makes early diagnosis and intervention crucial for preventing more severe gastrointestinal issues.

One of the primary steps in managing both conditions is to test for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, as this bacterium is a major contributing factor to the development of peptic ulcers. Eliminating H. pylori is often a cornerstone of effective ulcer treatment.

In addition, long-term use of certain medications, especially antiplatelet drugs like aspirin, can increase the risk of developing ulcers. These medications may weaken the protective lining of the stomach. This risk is particularly notable among middle-aged and elderly individuals who regularly take such drugs.

Treatment strategies should be tailored based on the underlying cause. For example, patients with H. pylori infection require antibiotic therapy to eradicate the bacteria. Meanwhile, those whose ulcers are linked to medication use may benefit from switching to alternative drugs that are less harmful to the gastric mucosa. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) or H2 blockers are also commonly prescribed to reduce stomach acid and promote healing.