Atrioventricular Septal Defect Symptoms and What You Need to Know

An atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) is not simply a combination of atrial septal defect (ASD) and ventricular septal defect (VSD). Rather, it is a distinct congenital heart condition, also known as atrioventricular canal defect. This condition involves not only a VSD and a primum-type ASD, but also abnormalities in the atrioventricular valves, such as the mitral and tricuspid valves.

Common Symptoms in Children

Children with AVSD may experience fatigue and shortness of breath after physical activity. Their growth and physical development often lag behind those of their peers. They are also more prone to frequent upper respiratory tract infections. In some cases, prolonged crying can lead to cyanosis, or a bluish tint to the face and lips due to low oxygen levels in the blood.

Progression of Symptoms

What Happens as the Child Grows?

As the child ages, symptoms may become more pronounced. Common issues include dizziness, chest discomfort, and general weakness. Without timely medical intervention, these symptoms can worsen and potentially lead to heart failure. The increased workload on the heart caused by the abnormal blood flow can weaken the heart muscle over time.

Associated Conditions

It's also important to note that AVSD is frequently associated with other genetic conditions. A significant number of children diagnosed with this heart defect also have Down syndrome (Trisomy 21). This connection highlights the importance of early cardiac screening for infants with chromosomal abnormalities.

Why Early Diagnosis Matters

Early detection and treatment are crucial in managing AVSD effectively. Prompt surgical correction can significantly improve long-term outcomes and quality of life. Parents should consult with pediatric cardiologists if they notice any signs of heart-related distress in their child.