Average Life Expectancy for Ventricular Septal Defect

Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) is a common congenital heart condition characterized by an abnormal opening in the wall separating the two lower chambers of the heart. When diagnosed early and treated promptly through surgical intervention, especially in cases where there is no associated pulmonary vascular disease, patients often have a life expectancy similar to that of the general population.

Impact of Pulmonary Vascular Disease on Life Expectancy

If a VSD leads to pulmonary vascular complications such as pulmonary hypertension, the prognosis changes significantly. Symptoms like severe fatigue, exercise intolerance, and cyanosis—where the skin appears bluish due to low oxygen levels—may become apparent. Even with surgical repair, these symptoms may not fully resolve, and the patient's life expectancy may be reduced.

Consequences of Delayed Treatment

In cases of large VSDs that remain untreated, children may experience frequent respiratory infections, pneumonia, and signs of congestive heart failure early in life. These complications can significantly impact quality of life and reduce life expectancy if not addressed promptly.

Prognosis for Massive VSDs

Massive VSDs, particularly those that cause severe hemodynamic instability, can be life-threatening during infancy. Without early intervention, these severe cases often result in high mortality rates within the first year of life.

Importance of Early Diagnosis and Treatment

Early detection through routine pediatric check-ups and timely surgical correction are crucial in improving outcomes for patients with VSD. With appropriate care, many individuals can lead healthy, active lives with normal or near-normal life expectancy.