Ventricular Septal Defect Symptoms In Children

Developmental Delays

One of the early signs in some children with VSD is delayed physical growth. Affected children may appear smaller or underweight compared to their peers. This is often due to increased metabolic demands on the body caused by the heart working harder than normal.

Respiratory Issues

Children with this condition may experience increased blood flow to the lungs, making them more susceptible to respiratory infections. During seasonal changes, they may be more likely to develop pneumonia or other types of lung infections. Frequent colds and difficulty breathing during physical activity are also commonly reported.

Heart-Related Symptoms

Some children may exhibit signs of heart strain, such as excessive sweating—particularly during feeding or at night. These symptoms are often linked to the heart's increased effort to pump blood efficiently through the body.

Physical Fatigue And Cyanosis

Many children with VSD feel unusually tired or fatigued, especially after physical exertion. In some cases, cyanosis—bluish discoloration around the mouth—can occur during episodes of intense crying. Chest X-rays may reveal an enlarged heart (either right or left ventricle) and increased pulmonary blood flow, which are typical indicators of congenital heart defects.

Heart Murmurs And Diagnostic Findings

During a physical examination, doctors may detect a heart murmur—often described as a systolic blowing murmur—best heard along the left sternal border at the third and fourth intercostal spaces. In some cases, this murmur may be accompanied by a palpable chest vibration known as a thrill. An electrocardiogram (ECG) may show specific abnormalities such as high voltage in the left or right ventricle, sinus tachycardia, or incomplete to complete right bundle branch block.

Confirming Diagnosis With Echocardiography

Echocardiography plays a crucial role in diagnosing ventricular septal defects. This imaging technique allows physicians to assess the size and location of the defect, as well as determine whether other cardiac abnormalities are present. It provides valuable insight into both structural and functional aspects of the heart, guiding treatment decisions and long-term management strategies.