Can Ventricular Septal Defect Heal on Its Own?

A ventricular septal defect (VSD) in some children may close naturally over time. This self-healing process is somewhat similar to embryonic development, where the unclosed portion of the septum gradually grows from the outer edges toward the center. In addition, the tricuspid valve moves closer to the septum, and fibrous tissue proliferates around the defect, helping to cover it. Therefore, the natural closure of a VSD involves two main factors: natural growth of the septum and tissue proliferation around the tricuspid valve.

Size Matters: The Likelihood of Spontaneous Closure

In clinical practice, smaller VSDs have a higher probability of closing on their own, especially during early childhood. Larger defects, however, are less likely to close without medical intervention. If the defect remains significant as the child grows, surgical repair may be necessary to prevent complications such as heart failure or developmental delays.

Signs That a VSD May Be Worsening

Recognizing Symptoms

Parents should be alert to certain warning signs. For instance, if a child sweats excessively, cries loudly at first but then develops a weak or hoarse voice after a short time, it could indicate that the VSD is enlarging. A large VSD can cause the heart to enlarge gradually, which may compress the recurrent laryngeal nerve. This compression can lead to voice changes, persistent coughing, and even choking episodes.

When to Seek Medical Help

If these symptoms appear, it's crucial to seek medical evaluation promptly. Early surgical intervention is often recommended in such cases to prevent long-term damage and improve the child's quality of life. Parents should also monitor their child's growth and development closely. If a child is significantly behind peers in physical growth or developmental milestones, corrective surgery should be considered without delay.