Ventricular Septal Defect of 8mm: Can It Heal Naturally?

Ventricular septal defects (VSDs) measuring 8mm are categorized as large defects, and the chances of spontaneous closure are extremely low. Among congenital heart conditions, VSDs are among the most commonly observed structural abnormalities. The volume of left-to-right shunting through the defect largely depends on its size — larger defects typically result in higher shunt volumes. Additionally, patients with such defects often develop severe pulmonary hypertension, which further complicates their condition.

Understanding Large Ventricular Septal Defects

A VSD is considered large if its diameter exceeds 75% of the aortic annulus size. In such cases, the significant shunting of blood can lead to progressive pulmonary hypertension. Without timely intervention, this condition can result in irreversible damage to the pulmonary vasculature and eventual heart failure. Therefore, early surgical intervention is strongly recommended to prevent long-term complications and improve overall prognosis.

Importance of Early Surgical Intervention

Patients who undergo surgical repair at an early stage generally experience better outcomes. Early correction of the defect typically prevents the persistence of pulmonary hypertension. In contrast, if surgery is delayed beyond the age of two, pulmonary hypertension may not fully resolve, even with pharmacological treatment. This can lead to persistent symptoms, increased medical costs, and reduced effectiveness of therapy.

When Can a VSD Close Naturally?

Spontaneous closure is more likely in smaller VSDs, especially those located in favorable anatomical positions. For instance, membranous VSDs situated beneath the septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve may close naturally due to fibrous tissue growth or the covering action of the tricuspid valve during heart activity. Similarly, muscular VSDs can close as the heart matures and the myocardial fibers thicken during childhood development.