Symptoms of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) can present with a range of symptoms that often develop gradually over time. One of the most common signs is shortness of breath during physical activity, which may worsen as the condition progresses. Initially, this breathlessness may only occur during exertion, but in more advanced cases, it can even occur at rest.

Common Symptoms of PAH

Shortness of breath is typically the first noticeable symptom, especially during everyday activities such as walking or climbing stairs. Alongside this, patients often experience fatigue, which can be mistaken for other less serious conditions.

Additional Signs to Watch For

Some individuals may experience episodes of dizziness or fainting (s syncope), especially during or after physical exertion. This is due to the heart's inability to pump enough blood to the brain during times of increased demand.

Chest pain or pressure is another symptom that may occur, often mistaken for heart-related issues. Some patients also report coughing up blood (hemoptysis), which can be alarming and warrants immediate medical attention.

Advanced Symptoms and Complications

In more severe cases, symptoms may occur even when a person is at rest. When PAH leads to right-sided heart failure, fluid buildup can occur, resulting in swelling in the legs and ankles (edema), abdominal bloating, and a loss of appetite.

Associated Conditions and Symptoms

PAH can also occur in association with other diseases, particularly connective tissue disorders. In such cases, patients may exhibit symptoms related to those conditions, including skin rashes, red patches, and joint pain. Additionally, some may experience Raynaud's phenomenon, where fingers and toes turn pale or blue in response to cold or stress.

When to Seek Medical Advice

If you experience unexplained shortness of breath, especially during light activity, or if your symptoms cannot be easily attributed to other heart or lung conditions, it's important to consult a healthcare professional. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial in managing PAH and improving long-term outcomes.