What Is Pulmonary Hypertension?

Pulmonary hypertension refers to abnormally high blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs. It is typically diagnosed when the mean pulmonary artery pressure exceeds 25 mmHg at rest. This condition can be classified into different severity levels based on the measured pressure values.

Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension by Severity

Mild Pulmonary Hypertension (25–30 mmHg)

When the pulmonary artery pressure ranges between 25 and 30 mmHg, it is considered mild. At this stage, patients often do not experience noticeable symptoms, and the condition may only be detected through diagnostic testing for other health concerns.

Moderate Pulmonary Hypertension (30–50 mmHg)

Pressures in the range of 30 to 50 mmHg are classified as moderate. As the condition progresses, symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and reduced exercise tolerance may begin to appear. These signs often prompt further medical evaluation.

Severe Pulmonary Hypertension (Above 50 mmHg)

When pulmonary artery pressure exceeds 50 mmHg, it is categorized as severe. At this stage, patients may experience significant symptoms including pulmonary edema, congestion, and impaired oxygen exchange, which can lead to serious complications if left untreated.

Importance of Clinical Evaluation and Monitoring

The severity of pulmonary hypertension should not be assessed solely based on pressure readings. Clinical symptoms and overall patient health must be considered. While mild cases may remain asymptomatic, they still require regular follow-up and monitoring to detect any progression early.

Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial in managing pulmonary hypertension effectively. Identifying and treating underlying causes, when possible, can help slow or even prevent disease progression. Patients diagnosed with mild pulmonary hypertension should work closely with their healthcare providers to monitor their condition and implement appropriate lifestyle or medical adjustments.