Peripheral Artery Disease In Legs And Its Connection To Heart Attacks

Having atherosclerosis in the arteries of both legs does not directly cause a heart attack. However, severe plaque buildup in these arteries can lead to reduced blood flow, a condition known as peripheral artery disease (PAD). This reduction in circulation often results in symptoms such as intermittent claudication, leg pain, changes in skin color and temperature, and in more advanced cases, skin ulcers and infections.

Understanding The Link Between PAD And Heart Health

While peripheral artery disease itself is not a direct cause of myocardial infarction, its presence can serve as an important indicator of widespread atherosclerosis. If a person has significant arterial plaque in the legs, it is reasonable to suspect that similar changes may be occurring in other arteries throughout the body — including the coronary arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle.

Coronary Artery Involvement And Cardiac Risk

When atherosclerosis affects the coronary arteries, it can lead to narrowing or blockage that restricts blood flow to the heart. This condition, known as coronary artery disease (CAD), increases the risk of angina — chest pain or discomfort caused by reduced blood flow to the heart. More critically, if a plaque ruptures and completely blocks a coronary artery, it can trigger a heart attack.

Therefore, while lower extremity atherosclerosis doesn't directly cause heart attacks, it can be a warning sign that cardiovascular disease is present elsewhere in the body. Patients diagnosed with PAD should undergo comprehensive cardiovascular evaluation to assess their risk for heart disease and take proactive steps to manage their overall vascular health.