Coronary Artery Disease And Its Serious Consequences

Coronary artery disease (CAD) has become one of the leading causes of mortality in modern society. When the coronary arteries become narrowed or blocked due to atherosclerosis, the blood supply to the heart muscle is significantly affected, leading to potentially life-threatening outcomes. The following are the primary consequences associated with this condition:

Chest Pain and Angina

One of the most common symptoms is angina, which typically occurs during physical exertion. Individuals may experience chest tightness, shortness of breath, and a feeling of pressure or discomfort in the chest area. These symptoms are often indicators of reduced blood flow to the heart muscle.

Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack)

If a coronary artery suddenly spasms or becomes completely blocked, blood flow to the heart can be cut off, resulting in a heart attack. This acute event can cause irreversible damage to the heart muscle and may lead to long-term complications such as impaired kidney function, reduced cerebral blood flow, and other systemic issues that can have lasting effects on overall health.

Acute Heart Failure

Impact on Cardiac Function

Another serious consequence is acute heart failure, which occurs when the heart's ability to pump blood effectively is compromised. This can lead to fluid buildup in the lungs, extreme fatigue, and difficulty performing everyday activities.

Arrhythmias and Sudden Cardiac Death

Coronary artery disease can also disrupt the heart's normal electrical activity, leading to irregular heartbeats known as arrhythmias. In severe cases, this can result in sudden cardiac arrest, which is often fatal if not treated immediately. Sudden death typically occurs without warning and can affect individuals who may have previously shown no symptoms.

Silent Myocardial Ischemia

Hidden Dangers

Some individuals may experience what is known as silent ischemia, where the heart muscle receives inadequate blood flow without any noticeable symptoms. However, under conditions of physical or emotional stress, such as intense exercise or high anxiety, these individuals may be at risk of sudden cardiac events, including unexpected death.