How Is Atherosclerosis Diagnosed

Atherosclerosis can be diagnosed through various medical imaging techniques. During a routine health checkup at a hospital, doctors commonly use ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These diagnostic tools help identify the presence and severity of arterial plaque buildup.

Ultrasound Imaging

Ultrasound is a non-invasive method frequently used by cardiologists. Common types include carotid ultrasound, lower limb artery ultrasound, and abdominal aortic ultrasound. These scans can detect visible atherosclerotic plaques in the arteries. If plaque buildup is identified, doctors may recommend further evaluation and prescribe medication to manage the condition.

Computed Tomography (CT) Scans

Standard CT scans, such as chest CT or head CT, are capable of identifying more advanced calcified plaques. These types of plaques are often older and more stable, and can be detected through regular CT imaging. For example, neck CT or brain CT scans can reveal signs of atherosclerosis in both neck and cerebral blood vessels. However, standard CT scans are limited in their ability to detect early or mild cases of arterial hardening.

Advanced Imaging with CTA and MRI Angiography

To get a clearer picture of vascular damage, doctors may use CT angiography (CTA) or magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). These advanced imaging techniques provide detailed views of blood vessel blockages and the extent of arterial wall damage. They are particularly effective in assessing severe cases and helping physicians determine the most appropriate treatment plan.