Effective Ways to Remove Arterial Plaque

When atherosclerosis progresses to a certain stage or the inner lining of blood vessels thickens significantly, plaque can form. Generally, a thickness of ≥1.2mm is classified as plaque. Treatment options depend on the size and severity of the plaque. Here are effective methods to address arterial plaque buildup:

Medication for Small Plaques

For small plaques or mild vessel narrowing, anti-atherosclerotic medications are often recommended. These include:

• Antiplatelet drugs – to prevent blood clots;
• Statins – to lower cholesterol levels and slow plaque progression.

This approach helps manage the condition and may even reduce plaque size over time.

Minimally Invasive Procedures for Significant Narrowing

When a vessel has developed significant narrowing, more direct interventions may be necessary. These include:

Balloon Angioplasty

A catheter with a small balloon is inserted into the affected artery. The balloon is then inflated to compress the plaque against the artery walls, widening the passage for blood flow.

Atherectomy

This procedure involves physically removing the plaque using a specialized catheter with a cutting device. It is often used in combination with balloon angioplasty.

Stent Placement

After plaque removal or compression, a stent may be implanted to keep the artery open and prevent re-narrowing. This is followed by long-term medication to reduce the risk of recurrence.

Post-Treatment Care and Prevention

Following any plaque removal procedure, secondary prevention strategies are crucial. These include continued use of prescribed medications, lifestyle changes such as a heart-healthy diet, regular physical activity, and routine medical checkups to monitor vascular health.