Peripheral Arterial Atherosclerosis In Both Lower Limbs: Understanding The Condition And Treatment Options

Peripheral arterial atherosclerosis in both lower limbs is a condition that shares similarities with coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular disease. Atherosclerosis, which refers to the buildup of plaque in the arteries, can occur in various parts of the body and present with different symptoms depending on the affected area. When it affects the arteries in the legs, it can lead to reduced blood flow and a range of circulatory issues.

Age-Related Development Of Lower Limb Atherosclerosis

This condition is closely associated with aging. It rarely occurs in children or young adults but becomes more common as people grow older. With advancing age, the inner lining of the arteries may thicken, and over time, fatty deposits can accumulate, leading to atherosclerosis. Eventually, these changes may result in blood clot formation. This gradual deterioration of vascular health is a natural part of aging and cannot be reversed.

Understanding The Severity And Management

The presence of atherosclerosis in the lower limbs does not automatically indicate a severe medical issue. In many cases, especially when no symptoms are present, lifestyle modifications can significantly slow the progression of the disease. Adopting a healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables, reducing intake of salt, fat, and sugar, and engaging in regular physical activity can all help improve circulation and support the development of collateral blood vessels.

Medical Treatment Options

As the condition progresses, doctors may recommend oral medications such as antiplatelet drugs like aspirin or clopidogrel, along with statins to manage cholesterol levels. These treatments aim to reduce the risk of complications and delay the need for more invasive procedures. In most cases, minimally invasive interventions or open surgery are not required unless the blockage reaches a critical level.

When Surgical Intervention Is Necessary

Medical procedures become a consideration when the arterial narrowing reaches 75% or more, or when symptoms such as coldness in the legs, reduced skin temperature, pain during walking or activity, cramping, fatigue, or even pain at rest occur. These signs suggest that blood flow is significantly compromised and require prompt medical evaluation to determine whether interventional or surgical treatment is needed.