Sudden Heart Palpitations And The Feeling Of A Racing Heart - What You Need To Know

Experiencing sudden, intense heartbeats can be alarming, but understanding the potential causes can help determine whether medical attention is necessary. These episodes are often linked to temporary tachycardia or irregular heart rhythms. If you experience such symptoms, it is advisable to undergo an electrocardiogram (ECG), both during a relaxed state and while the palpitations are occurring, for accurate comparison. A 24-hour Holter monitor may also be used to assess the severity of arrhythmias or ischemic heart disease.

Common Causes Of Sudden Heart Palpitations

1. Premature Heartbeats (Premature Contractions)Occasional premature contractions are quite common and typically do not require treatment with antiarrhythmic medications. However, if these episodes are frequent, it is important to investigate the underlying cause. Potential triggers may include thyroid dysfunction, anemia, electrolyte imbalances, or coronary artery disease leading to secondary arrhythmias. Identifying and addressing the root cause can help manage the condition effectively.

2. Atrial Fibrillation (AFib)Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation is another possible explanation for sudden heart palpitations. During non-episodic periods, a standard ECG may appear normal. However, during an episode, the ECG may show irregular QRS complexes, inconsistent PR intervals, absent P waves, and the presence of varying F waves. These findings indicate atrial fibrillation, a condition that increases the risk of stroke and requires appropriate medical intervention.

3. Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia (PSVT)This type of arrhythmia is characterized by sudden onset and termination of a rapid heartbeat. Episodes can last from a few seconds to several minutes, and in rare cases, even days. Once the episode ends, individuals typically return to normal heart function without lingering symptoms such as chest tightness or palpitations. PSVT can often be managed with lifestyle changes or medical treatment depending on the frequency and severity of episodes.