Why Corticosteroids Are Contraindicated in Peptic Ulcer Disease

Peptic ulcers, particularly gastric ulcers, are a common medical condition often diagnosed in adult males. These ulcers typically develop when there is an imbalance between aggressive factors such as gastric acid and the protective mechanisms of the gastric mucosa. Excessive gastric acid secretion combined with a weakened mucosal barrier plays a central role in ulcer formation.

Corticosteroids, widely used for their potent anti-inflammatory effects, can significantly worsen this condition. They stimulate gastric acid production while simultaneously impairing the protective lining of the stomach. This dual effect increases the risk of ulcer progression, gastrointestinal bleeding, and even perforation. Due to these risks, corticosteroids are generally contraindicated in patients with active peptic ulcer disease.

For effective management of gastric ulcers, the first-line treatment includes proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) such as omeprazole, pantoprazole, and rabeprazole. These medications reduce acid secretion and promote healing, achieving ulcer resolution in over 90% of cases when used appropriately. In addition to acid suppression, mucosal protectants are often recommended to enhance gastric lining defense.

Another critical aspect of long-term ulcer care is the eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection. This bacterium is a major contributor to ulcer recurrence. Patients who test positive for H. pylori should undergo targeted antibiotic therapy to prevent future complications.