The Critical First Few Minutes in Cardiac Arrest

When a cardiac arrest occurs, the first four minutes are considered the most critical for saving a life. After four minutes without oxygen, brain cells begin to suffer irreversible damage. Recognizing the signs of cardiac arrest and acting quickly can make the difference between life and death. Here are three essential steps to follow in an emergency:

Immediate Actions to Take During Cardiac Arrest

First, call for help. Immediately shout to alert people nearby and ask someone to dial emergency services, such as 120. Quick access to professional medical assistance is vital in these moments.

Second, perform CPR if necessary. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) helps maintain blood flow to the brain and heart when a person's breathing or heartbeat has stopped. Learning how to perform CPR correctly can significantly increase the chances of survival until medical help arrives.

Third, use an AED if available. Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) can restore a normal heart rhythm. If an AED is not available, continue with chest compressions and rescue breaths in a cycle of 30 compressions followed by two breaths until paramedics arrive.

Why Time Is the Biggest Factor in Survival Rates

The mortality rate associated with cardiac arrest is extremely high. For every minute that passes without CPR or defibrillation, the victim's chance of survival drops by approximately 10%. After just five minutes, the survival rate can fall below 30%. As time progresses, the likelihood of a successful resuscitation and full recovery becomes significantly lower.

Understanding the importance of immediate response and being prepared to act can save lives. Public awareness, CPR training, and easy access to AEDs are essential components in improving survival outcomes for cardiac arrest victims.