Cardiac Arrest Symptoms and How to Respond

Cardiac arrest is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate attention. Recognizing the symptoms quickly can significantly increase the chances of survival. Below are the key signs that may indicate cardiac arrest.

Common Symptoms of Cardiac Arrest

1. Sudden Loss of Consciousness

One of the most immediate signs is the person becoming unresponsive. They may not react to voice or touch and appear confused or unaware of their surroundings. This sudden change in mental state is often the first red flag.

2. Abnormal or Absent Breathing

Breathing may stop entirely or become irregular and shallow. In some cases, gasping or labored breathing may be observed. As oxygen levels drop, the skin may turn bluish, especially around the lips and fingertips, indicating a lack of oxygen.

3. No Pulse in Major Arteries

A critical indicator is the absence of a pulse. This is commonly checked at the neck (carotid artery), groin (femoral artery), or foot (dorsalis pedis artery). If no pulse is felt within 10 seconds, emergency action should be taken immediately.

4. Dilated Pupils

The eyes may remain open with pupils that do not respond to light. This is a neurological sign that indicates a severe drop in oxygen supply to the brain.

What to Do When Cardiac Arrest Is Suspected

Before beginning any emergency response, it's essential to confirm the presence of these symptoms. Once cardiac arrest is suspected, call emergency services immediately and begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) without delay. If an automated external defibrillator (AED) is available, use it as soon as possible to restore normal heart rhythm.

Early recognition and prompt action are crucial in improving outcomes for individuals experiencing cardiac arrest. Being aware of these symptoms can help save lives in critical situations.