CPR Compression Depth for Children: What You Need to Know

When performing CPR on children, the depth of chest compressions varies depending on the child's age. For newborns and infants under one year old, the recommended compression depth is approximately 1.2 to 1.6 inches (3-4 cm). However, for children aged 2 to 3 years and older, the compression depth should increase to about 1.6 to 2 inches (4-5 cm).

Why Compression Depth Matters in Pediatric CPR

Performing chest compressions at the correct depth is crucial to ensure effective circulation during cardiac arrest. Sufficient pressure must be applied to the chest wall to compress the heart and major blood vessels such as the aorta and pulmonary artery. This action helps circulate oxygenated blood to vital organs and tissues throughout the body, thereby supporting vital functions until advanced medical care is available.

Correct Hand Placement for Children and Infants

In addition to depth, proper hand placement is essential for successful CPR in children. For adults, rescuers typically place both hands on the lower half of the sternum. However, due to the smaller chest size in children and infants, adjustments are necessary. For children, a single hand is usually sufficient to perform compressions on the lower part of the sternum. For infants, rescuers should use two fingers—typically the index and middle finger—placed together to press on the same area.

Key Tips for Effective Pediatric CPR

Ensure a firm surface: Always place the child on a flat, hard surface to allow for adequate chest compression. Maintain the right rhythm: Aim for a rate of about 100 to 120 compressions per minute. Allow full chest recoil: After each compression, release pressure completely to allow the chest to return to its normal position, which helps the heart refill with blood.