Chest Compressions: Signs of Effective CPR and Proper Technique

When performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), it's important to recognize the signs that indicate effective chest compressions. These include the return of a pulse, restoration of blood pressure, improved skin color becoming pinker, pupil constriction, and the resumption of spontaneous breathing. If you encounter someone experiencing cardiac arrest, your first step should be to check for responsiveness and determine if emergency services need to be called. Immediately alert others for assistance and locate the nearest automated external defibrillator (AED). If multiple rescuers are available, it's recommended to switch compressors every couple of minutes to maintain high-quality CPR without fatigue.

Proper Technique for Effective Chest Compressions

To perform chest compressions effectively, correct technique is essential. Begin by placing the person on a firm, flat surface. The correct hand placement is on the center of the chest at the midpoint between the nipples, specifically on the lower half of the sternum. This area should be targeted for compression to effectively stimulate the heart.

Depth and Rate of Compressions

The recommended depth for chest compressions is approximately 2 inches (5 centimeters). Press down firmly and allow the chest to fully recoil between compressions. In addition to depth, maintaining the proper rate is crucial—aim for 100 to 120 compressions per minute. Keeping a steady rhythm helps ensure that the heart receives consistent stimulation, which increases the chances of successful resuscitation.