CPR Chest Compressions and Rescue Breathing Ratio

When performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), it's crucial to maintain the correct ratio of chest compressions to rescue breaths, which is 30:2. This means that for every 30 chest compressions, two rescue breaths should be given. To ensure effective CPR, the rate and depth of chest compressions must be accurate. The recommended compression rate is between 100 and 120 compressions per minute, with a depth of approximately 5 cm (about 2 inches) to allow adequate chest recoil and promote effective blood circulation.

Proper Technique for Rescue Breathing

During rescue breathing, it's important to fully seal the patient's mouth with your lips and blow forcefully into their airway. At the same time, you should pinch the patient's nose shut to prevent air from escaping through the nostrils. Ensuring a proper seal and correct delivery of breaths helps maintain oxygen levels and supports the patient's chances of recovery.

Minimizing Interruptions During CPR

While performing CPR, interruptions should be kept to a minimum to maintain consistent blood flow. If a change in rescuers is necessary or if advanced procedures like intubation or defibrillation are required, any pause in compressions should not exceed 10 seconds. Continuity in chest compressions significantly improves the likelihood of a successful outcome.

Monitoring CPR Effectiveness

Throughout the resuscitation process, it's important to monitor the effectiveness of CPR. Signs to observe include whether the patient regains consciousness, if there is a return of pulse in major arteries, and if systolic blood pressure rises above 60 mmHg. Additionally, look for improvements in the patient's skin color—particularly around the lips, face, and extremities—as a sign of improved oxygenation. Pupillary response is also a key indicator; if the pupils, which may have been dilated, begin to constrict and respond to light, this can indicate neurological recovery.